Fangzi Art Note | GAUGUIN 高更
READING
BLANDFORD ART SEIRIES
by RAMOND CHARMET
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Raymond Charmet, a student of French literature, has worked as an art critic for French weekly Arts. He has written works on ru, Ferrieres Mendzisky, and the Paris of Utrillo; he has also contributed to Laroussee's Dictionary of Contemporary Art. As a painter, he has exhibited in great Salons de Paris since 1955. He is "societaire" of the Salon d' Automne.
translator: Haydn Barnes
editor: Anthony Bosman
lay-out: Win Van Stek
first published in the English edition in 1966
by Blandford Press Ltd. London
© 1965 and printed in Holland by The Ysel Press Ltd, Deventer
EUGENE HENRI PAUL GAUGUIN
"I can assure you that no one else has done what I have done." wrote Gauguin from Central Oceania, whither he had fled no escape from civilization. Gauguin's words describing his painting anticipates the definition of a work of art by Marcel Proust: the message from an unknown homeland. To succeed in his work at a time when academic realism seemed to have exhausted creative inspiration and people were of the opinion that "everything had been said", Gauguin had no wage a desperate. life-long battle with himself, which was to become legendary and, quite as much as his brilliant canvases, would make him one of the most popular heroes of modern art.
During the last sixty years methodical research and innumerable publications have made available an almost available an almost complete picture of the painter's somewhat mysterious life; and his works, now scattered all over the world, have recently been the subject of a descriptive catalogue published by G.Wilderstein (Les Beaux Arts, 1964). But essentially, as is the case with numerous geniuses, the rebellious nature of his character has provoked quite conflicting judgement, which can only be understood by seeing things from painter's own point of view.
Two ideas define this point of view:
(1) artistic creation is a duty surprising all the rules and demanding every sacrifice; and
(2) beauty is identical with the primitive and barbaric, in which are true grandeur resides.
These ideas, particularly the second, have revolutionized the culture of the twentieth century, but they were directly opposed both to Gauguin's social milieu and to the spirit of his times. For the purpose of compelling the public to accept them and thus asserting and realizing his creative genius, Gauguin developed slowly and late, more so than any other of his contemporaries, with the possible exception of Rousseau, the custom official, who is even more primitive than Gauguin.
“我可以向您保证，没有人能做我所做的事。”来自中大洋洲的高更写道，他没有逃离文明。高更描写他的画预示着马塞尔·普鲁斯特对艺术品的定义：来自未知家园的信息。为了在一个学术现实主义似乎已经耗尽了创作灵感，并且人们认为“一切都说了”的时代取得成功，高更愿意没有工资, 毕生奋战，使他成为传奇人物，与他出色的画布一样，将使他成为现代艺术中最受欢迎的英雄之一。
在过去的六十年中，有条不紊的研究和无数的出版物为画家提供了几乎完整的画家神秘生活的画面。他的作品现已散布于世界各地，最近成为G.Wilderstein出版的描述性目录的主题（Les Beaux Arts，1964年）。但从本质上讲，就像许多天才一样，他角色的叛逆性质引发了相当矛盾的判断，这只能通过从画家自己的角度看待事物才能理解。
有两种想法定义了这种观点：
（1）艺术创作是一项使所有规则令人惊讶，并且要求一切牺牲；和
（2）美是与原始和野蛮相同的，它们是真正的伟大之处
这些思想，特别是第二种思想，彻底改变了二十世纪的文化，但它们既反对高更的社会环境，也反对其时代精神。为了迫使公众接受他们，从而维护和实现他的创造天才，高更比其他任何同代人都发展得缓慢而迟到，海关官员卢梭（Rousseau）可能是个例外，他比高更更为原始。
Gauguin's life seems to have been a succession of fateful blows of terrible mischances, but also, though not so much has been made of them, time of good fortune. Violent contrast made his life a torment and exasperated his sensitive nature. In the end they formed an essential part, and doubtless a very fruitful one, of his destiny as an artist.
This contrasts, which caused such tensions and problems, are remarkably apparent in his family background. The Gauguins were farmers and tradesmen who lived in the region of Orleans. They were insignificant people with no family history to speak of. Clovis Gauguin, was a modest journalist on the republican paper, Le National.
On his mother's side, however, his antecedents were extraordinary. His grandmother, Flora Tristan, was descend from Spanish grandee who occupied a power position in Peru and was himself said to be descended from Montezuma. So Gauguin claimed to have Inca blood in his veins. In 1888 he wrote to his friend Schuffenecker, "According to the legend, the Inca directly descended from the sun and I shall return to it.". A writer of great boldness, Flora Tristan had traveled in vain to Peru to claim her inheritance; after her return she published "The Peregrinations of a Pariah" in 1838, In the same year her husband, Andre Chazal, a printer, typographer, and talented draughtsman, whom she had deserted, tried to murder her. After a sensational trial, he was sentenced to twenty years' hard labour. Flora Tristan then became a militant feminist and socialist, rousing workers all over France with her speeches. We shall see how her grandson followed her example during his last career in Oceania. Born is Paris on June 7, 1848, at 56 rue Norte-Dame de Lorette, Gauguin began life under the sign of revolution. Two major misfortunes changed the course of his life. First, his father, fearing political persecution, fled to Peru in voluntary exile, taking his wife, Aline, and his two children with him. (He had hoped to seek help from the Tristan Mocosos who were all-powered.) Second, on the voyage to Peru, Clovis Gauguin died. At Lima, however, an unexpected piece of good luck awaited the family. Aline Gauguin's uncle, Don Pio, overwhelmed them with his generosity and so his little niece and Paul enjoyed several years of luxurious living in colonial palace. His young sensitive mind received indelible impressions of dazzling colours.
高更的一生似乎经历了一系列可怕的不幸事故，但尽管运气不佳，但命运还是不错的。强烈的事故的对照使他的生活痛苦不堪，并激发了他敏感的天性。最后，无疑它们构成了他作为艺术家的命运不可少的部分，成果非常的丰硕。
他生长的家庭背景中，这种对比引起了如此的紧张和问题，这是显而易见的。高更家人是住在奥尔良地区的农民和商人。他们是微不足道的人，没有家族史。克洛维斯·高更（Clovis Gauguin）是共和党报纸《国家报》的谦虚记者。
然而，在他母亲家庭背景，他的先辈非同寻常。他的祖母弗洛拉·特里斯坦（Flora Tristan）出身于西班牙贵族家族，后者曾在秘鲁担任政权，据称本人是蒙特祖玛（Montezuma）的后裔。因此高更声称他的血脉中有印加人的血液。 1888年，他写信给他的朋友Schuffenecker，“根据传说，印加人直接来自太阳，那么我将返回太阳。”弗洛拉·特里斯坦（Flora Tristan）是一位大胆的作家，徒劳地去了秘鲁，要求继承她的遗产。回国后，她于1838年出版了《 Pariah的游荡》。同年，她的丈夫安德烈·查扎尔（Andre Chazal）曾是一名印刷商，字体设计师，和才华横溢的绘图员，她抛弃了丈夫，因而使他试图谋杀她，案件经过轰动的审判后，他被判决二十年的辛苦劳动。弗洛拉·特里斯坦（Flora Tristan）随后成为激进的女权主义者和社会主义者，她的演讲激发了法国各地的工人。我们将看到她的孙子在大洋洲的最后职业生涯中，如何效法她的榜样。 1848年6月7日高更生于巴黎，在Norte-Dame de Lorette街56号出生，在革命的口号下开始了生活。两大不幸改变了他的生活。首先，他的父亲由于担心政治迫害而流亡到秘鲁，自愿流亡，并带着妻子艾琳（Aline）和他的两个孩子。 （他曾希望向全能的Tristan Mocosos寻求帮助。）第二，在前往秘鲁的航行中，克洛维斯·高更（Clovis Gauguin）死了。然而，在利马，意外的运气正等着一家人，艾琳·高更（Aline Gauguin）的叔叔唐·皮奥（Don Pio）的非常慷慨大度的接纳了他们，因此他的小侄女和保罗在殖民地宫殿中，度过了几年的奢华生活。他年轻的敏感思想感受了，令人眼花乱的色彩给人留下难以磨灭的印象。
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